The Quran does not give details of events that will happen, but it mentions them globally if they are mentioned at all. However, there are several reasons why Palestine is significant to Muslims, as mentioned in Islamic history:
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Palestine was the home of many Prophets and great men, including Hazrat Ibrahim, Ishaq, Dawud, Yaqub, Sulayman, Zakariya, Yahya, Isa, and other companions like Irmiya, Maryam, Samuil, Talut, Uzair, and Yusha.
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Palestine is home to one of the Sacred Masjid in Islam, the Masjid al-Aqsa, which is the third holiest site in Islam. It was the first Qibla for Muslims.
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Palestine was the site of the miraculous night journey of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).
Despite this, there are differing views among Muslims regarding the status of Israel and Palestine. Some Muslim scholars understand the text of the Quran to award the Holy Land to the Jews for all time, while others believe that Palestine is an Islamic Waqf land consecrated for Muslim generations until Judgment Day.