Truth and reconciliation generally refer to a process aimed at acknowledging past wrongs and working towards healing and understanding among affected communities. Specifically, it involves uncovering and acknowledging the truth about historical injustices, often related to systemic harm or violence, and seeking to rebuild relationships through mutual respect, justice, and healing. In the context of Indigenous peoples and settler societies, such as in Canada and Australia, truth and reconciliation involve addressing the harmful legacies of colonialism, including residential schools and land dispossession. It means recognizing the truth of survivors' experiences, promoting awareness and education about these past wrongs, and fostering respectful, equitable relationships moving forward. Key aspects include:

• Honoring those affected and acknowledging the impact of past policies and actions.
• Promoting unity, healing, trust, respect, and mutual understanding across communities.
• Committing to prevent the repetition of injustices in the future.
• Supporting Indigenous rights, equality, and self-determination.
• Engaging government, institutions, and society in active support and implementation of reconciliation efforts.

Truth and Reconciliation Commissions are official bodies established to investigate, document, and publicly share the truth about such injustices, contributing to societal healing and systemic change. Thus, truth and reconciliation mean facing difficult truths honestly and working collaboratively to restore justice and harmonious relationships for a better future in society.