Pichwai painting is a traditional form of intricate and elaborate painting that originated in the town of Nathdwara, Rajasthan, India. The word "Pichwai" literally means that which hangs from the back from the Sanskrit words "Pichh" means back and "wais" means hanging. Pichwai paintings are large devotional Hindu painted pictures, normally on cloth, which portray Krishna. The main image portrayed in Pichhwai paintings is Shrinathji, a 700+ years old form of Krishna, who is the presiding deity worshipped at the Shrinathji Temple with many paintings showing the rituals and worship offered to the deity in the temple. Pichwai paintings are used to narrate tales of Krishna to the illiterate and temples have sets with different images, which are changed according to the calendar of festivals celebrating the deity.

Pichwai paintings are known for their intricate detail, bright colors, and ornate designs. The paintings have evolved over time, and modern pichwais may also portray other forms of Krishna worshipped in the Pushtimarg tradition such as Dwarkadish, the presiding deity at the Dwarkadish Temple. At the start of the century, westernized art school painting forms gained more preferability to the Indian business and upper classes compared to traditional styles such as pichhwai. To increase pichhwai demand, artisans started to make slight shifts in their painting techniques. Pichwais were made both in the traditional style, but also started to incorporate western influences such as using oil paints and using realism rather than the traditional stylistic approach. Pichwai paintings have become the main export of Nathdwara and are in much demand among foreign visitors.