Proportional representation (PR) in elections is an electoral system in which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The key idea is that the proportion of seats a party wins in the legislature should roughly correspond to the proportion of votes it receives. For example, if a party receives 40% of the vote, it should get about 40% of the seats. PR systems aim to ensure that all votes contribute to the outcome and that each representative is supported by a roughly equal number of voters, preventing major distortions or "wasted" votes often seen in single-member district systems. These systems tend to be more balanced, reflecting the diversity of political preferences among voters. The most common forms of PR include party- list PR, mixed-member proportional representation (MMP), and single transferable vote (STV). Party-list PR involves voters selecting parties, and seats are allocated based on each party's share of the vote. STV allows voters to rank candidates, and seats are allocated based on these preferences in multi-member districts. PR systems generally require multi-member districts or compensatory seats to achieve proportionality and reduce the disparity between vote share and seat share. They also tend to be more resistant to manipulation like gerrymandering. In summary, the PR system in elections is designed to create a representative body where the composition of elected officials corresponds closely to the voters' preferences across the political spectrum, promoting fairness and broader representation. This overview captures the essence of the PR system in elections.