Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a surfactant that is commonly used in shampoos, soaps, shower gels, and toothpaste. It works as a cleansing and foaming agent, trapping oil and dirt in hair so it can be rinsed away with water. SLS is also an effective foaming agent, creating the rich lather that most people expect when washing their hair or body.

While SLS is generally considered safe for use in personal care products, it can be drying and irritating to some people, especially those with dry, processed, or afro hair, or those who suffer from skin conditions like eczema, dermatitis, or psoriasis. For people with sensitive skin, hyperirritable skin, or a history of skin conditions, it is best to avoid products containing SLS.

There are many safer alternatives to SLS available, such as fatty alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl phenol ethoxylate, or fatty acid alkoxylate, which can be found on the label of the product. Sulfate-free shampoos are also available, which are more expensive than their conventional sulfate-containing counterparts but may be worthwhile for people with sensitive skin or hair.