Dogs usually circle before they poop because of instinct, safety, and comfort, and sometimes possibly magnetic orientation.

Instinct and safety

In the wild, canid ancestors were vulnerable while squatting, so circling helped them scan the area for threats before being in that exposed position. Moving in a circle also helps flatten grass and disturb insects or small animals, creating a safer, clearer spot to go.

Scent and territory

Dogs have scent glands in their paws and around the anus, so circling and then defecating helps spread their scent and “claim” that patch of ground. Sniffing and circling also let them check who else has been there and whether the spot is acceptable territory-wise.

Comfort and “getting things moving”

Circling lets a dog adjust its stance and footing until the position feels stable and comfortable, similar to turning in circles before lying down. Some behaviorists also suggest that the movement may gently stimulate the intestines, helping trigger or coordinate the bowel movement.

Magnetic field theory

One debated study found that many dogs prefer to align their bodies roughly north–south when they relieve themselves, suggesting they may be using Earth’s magnetic field to orient. If that is true, the circling may partly be them “checking” alignment before they squat, though later work has not fully confirmed this and it remains an open question.

When to worry

Normal, brief circling and sniffing is harmless, routine behavior. Excessive, frantic, or painful-looking circling, especially with straining, scooting, or yelping, can signal problems like pain, digestive upset, or neurologic issues and should be checked by a veterinarian.