Quebec wants to separate (secede) from Canada mainly because of its distinct cultural, linguistic, and historical identity. The province is predominantly French-speaking, and many Quebecers see themselves as a unique nation within Canada with a distinct culture and language threatened by assimilation into the larger English-speaking majority. They believe that independence would allow Quebec to fully protect and promote its language, culture, and political autonomy. Key reasons for Quebec separatism include:

• A desire for political autonomy and sovereignty, based on the idea that Quebecers should have the right to self-determination as a distinct nation with their own government and constitution.
• Protection and promotion of the French language and Quebecois culture, which they feel are at risk within Canada.
• Historical grievances dating back to British conquest and ongoing cultural and political conflicts with the English-speaking majority and federal government of Canada.
• Economic arguments that Quebec could better control its resources and development as an independent state, although this is debated.
• Failed attempts to amend the Canadian constitution to recognize Quebec as a distinct society or grant more autonomy have fueled separatist sentiments.

While support for sovereignty has varied over time, the separatist movement remains significant culturally and politically among some parts of Quebec’s population.

This separatist desire is shaped by a combination of nationalism, cultural protectionism, historical context, and political conflicts within the Canadian federation.