The probability that any offspring will have hemophilia depends on the genetic makeup of the parents, especially since hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder, meaning the gene responsible is located on the X chromosome. Here's a basic outline for common scenarios:

• If a father has hemophilia (XhY) and the mother is not a carrier (XHXH), then:
  • None of their sons will have hemophilia because sons inherit the father's Y chromosome.
  • All daughters will be carriers (XHXh), inheriting the affected X from the father.
• If a father has hemophilia (XhY) and the mother is a carrier (XHXh):
  • Sons have a 50% chance of having hemophilia (inheriting the Xh from the mother).
  • Daughters have a 50% chance of being carriers and a 50% chance of having hemophilia (if they inherit Xh from both parents).
• If the mother is a carrier (XHXh) and the father is normal (XHY):
  • Each son has a 50% chance of hemophilia.
  • Each daughter has a 50% chance of being a carrier.

In summary, any son inheriting the affected X chromosome will have hemophilia, while daughters may be carriers or affected depending on the father's status. If more specific parental genotypes are provided (such as XHXh or XhY), a precise probability can be given. These genetic principles explain how hemophilia is inherited and the offspring's risk of having hemophilia or being carriers.